Many factors can influence the development of cancer, including genetics, environment and various lifestyle choices. Diet (or foods) can have effects that either promote or prevent cancer. Despite much research to unravel the complex link between dairy consumption and cancer, a large review of many studies concludes that there is no convincing evidence of a definitive link between the intake of dairy and cancer. Consequently, none of the World Cancer Research Fund’s recommendations for the prevention of cancer explicitly refer to dairy. Dairy seems to offer substantial and robust health benefits specifically to women in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. Following from current knowledge, the protective effect of milk and dairy on colorectal cancer in men may outweigh a potentially increased risk of prostate cancer. In a holistic approach, where balance, variety, moderation and nutritional adequacy are valued, dietary recommendations cannot omit dairy.