Animal Health
Dairy farmers in South Africa follow best practices as recommended by organisations such as the International Dairy Federation (IDF) and Milk SA. These include adhering to national standards for cattle welfare (SANS 1694:2018) and transport (SANS 1488), as well as implementing auditable welfare criteria. These measures focus on disease prevention, humane handling, offering appropriate nutrition, and providing safe environments to promote the Five Freedoms of animal welfare. (Link to full document on Milk SA)
SANS 1694:2018 was prepared by the dairy industry and other knowledgeable representatives together with officials of the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS), and incorporates international guidelines as recommended by the IDF, World Organization for Animal Health and the Dairy Development Initiative.
Dairy producers recognise animal welfare as an essential and traceable part of the value chain for the quality of their products, and industry bodies make a concerted effort at the national level to raise awareness on animal welfare standards. It is advised that every dairy producer buy a copy of SANS 1694:2018, available from the SABS.
Farmers focus on preventative healthcare and alternative treatments to limit antibiotic use. For example, research into mastitis treatment includes using near-infrared technology to identify specific pathogens, allowing for targeted treatment rather than using broad-spectrum antibiotics. This reduces the risk of antimicrobial resistance. (Link to full document on Milk SA)
Foot-and-Mouth Disease outbreaks significantly affect milk production, animal health and farm operations. Infected farms experience declines in milk output as cows develop increased somatic cell counts and severe mastitis, which mean milk has to be discarded and animals may be lost. Strict biosecurity measures and vaccination programmes are essential to control outbreaks and mitigate losses.
Yes, research is underway to assess the financial benefits of good agricultural practices, including animal welfare. Healthy animals that are well cared for are more productive, leading to better milk yields and quality, which ultimately improves a farm’s profitability. Practices such as selective dry-cow therapy and genomic selection for disease resistance also contribute to long-term financial sustainability.
Milk SA has developed programmes focused on best practices for calf rearing, transport and humane slaughter. These guidelines address public concerns and promote ethical treatment, ensuring calves are housed appropriately, transported under humane conditions, and managed in ways that prioritise their wellbeing. This holistic approach supports both animal welfare and the reputation of the dairy industry. (Link to full document on Milk SA)